Open data. It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and south west, to the north by the Greater Antilles starting with Cuba, to the east by the Lesser Antilles, and to the south by the north coast of South America. The Caribbean Tourism Organization calculates that about 12 million people a year visit the area, including (in 1991–1992) about 8 million cruise ship tourists. Cayman Trough (located between the Jamaica and Cayman Islands) is the deepest point of the Caribbean Sea with a depth of 25,220 feet or 7,686 … The pressure of the South American Plate to the east of the Caribbean causes the region of the Lesser Antilles to have high volcanic activity. Continued destruction of the reefs could severely damage the region's economy. The relatively narrow trough trends east-northeast to west-southwest and has a maximum depth of 25,216 feet (7,686 m), the deepest point in the Caribbean Sea. Upper sedimentary layers relate to the period from the Mesozoic to the Cenozoic (250 million years ago to present) and the lower layers from the Paleozoic to the Mesozoic. The sea is one of the largest oil production areas in the world, producing approximately 170 million tons[clarification needed] per year. Islands are inhabited by some endemic species such as rock iguanas and American crocodile. Follow us . The Caribbean has fewer hurricanes than either the western Pacific (where these storms are called typhoons) or the Gulf of Mexico. The region has several types of sea turtle (loggerhead, green turtle, hawksbill, leatherback turtle, Atlantic ridley and olive ridley). Generally, they emanate from land boundary disputes and as such only concern the mainland territories, and in particular, those of the isthmus where inter-state relations have remained poisoned for nearly two centuries. [11] The surface water (30 m; 100 feet) acts as an extension of the northern Atlantic as the Guiana Current and part of the North Equatorial Current enter the sea on the east. This sea covers an area of approximately 2,754,000 km 2 (1,063,000 square miles). 00.33. NV Charts offer greater accuracy, detail, updates, and reliability than any other cartography covering the Bahamas, Virgin Islands, Leeward Islands, Windward Islands, and Puerto Rico. There was a very serious eruption of Mount Pelée in 1902 which caused many casualties. Additionally, to enable you to make the best decision about the best time to travel to your selected destination, we include data on surf and weather forecasts, sunrise and sunset timings as well … These plants provide food for the corals, and give them their color. Three phases of sedimentation have been identified. These sills are located below the Anegada Passage, which runs between the Virgin Islands and the Lesser Antilles, and the Windward Passage, which stretches between Cuba and Hispaniola. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The sea has a surface area of 1,063,000 square miles or 2,754,000 square kilometers. It runs 1,000 km (620 mi) along the coasts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras.[3]. [28] The area also generates a large fishing industry for the surrounding countries, accounting for 500,000 tonnes (490,000 long tons; 550,000 short tons) of fish a year. Following the discovery of the islands by Columbus, the area was quickly colonized by several Western cultures (initially Spain, then later England, the Dutch Republic, France, Courland and Denmark). 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